Efficacy of an Eco-Friendly Bloom Thinning Formulation on Mango Trees and Its Olfactory Effect on an Insect Pollinator, Apis mellifera

In various orchard fruit trees, thinning of blossoms and fruits is important to increase size quality promote a new bloom in the following season. Several chemical agents are currently commercially available, but they inconsistent produce side effects crop plants insect pollinators. Because environmental concerns, developing alternative eco-friendly necessary. We developed an formulation (BTF) using minerals extracts medicinal plants. Our BTF spray (0.1%, w/v) decreased number per tree (46.5%) yield (81.5%) increased weight (196.8%) compared with control treatment; induced small larger mango treated trees. also investigated effect on olfactory behavior Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae), major pollinator. analyzed behavioral changes adult workers at two different concentrations (0.1% 1%) nine components Y-tube olfactometer. The responses honey bees showed significant differences. However, no clear attraction or repellent towards tested components. results suggest that newly practically applicable orchards without interrupting bee behavior.